Review and Comparison of Dump Truck Types

Dump truck is one of the most useful trucks with materials carriage. To move sand or other construction and mineral materials, you definitely need one of these trucks. In dump trucks, due to the use of hydraulic components, it is possible to raise the back cover, and when the truck goes back, all its back contents are thrown on the ground. These trucks are produced in different sizes. In this article we are going to examine the specifications and features of these heavy vehicles.

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Types of Dump Trucks

Dump trucks are divided into two categories in terms of function, appearance and technical specifications: standard and off highway. Each of these dump trucks has its own characteristics and features that include the following:

Standard Dump Trucks

These types of dump trucks are suitable for carrying materials and cargo on the roads, which also have a high degree of flexibility. These trucks are small in size and have high maneuverability. One or two movable axes are also used to produce standard dump trucks.

High speed and high engine power are the main features of these trucks. Some 4-axle dump trucks have 420 hp engines. This type of dump truck can carry up to 18 tons of cargo on the road.

Off Highway Dump Trucks

Another type of dump truck which is used only to carry sands, soils and other construction materials, minerals, drilling operations or cargo on rough roads. These trucks are large in appearance and this feature makes them suitable for rough roads.

Off highway dump trucks weigh is between 25 to 272 tons and their engine power is between 350 to 3227 hp. These trucks have low speeds, usually between 45 to 70 kilometers per hour. Other features of this type of dump truck include low maneuverability.

Dump Truck Components

These trucks, like other trucks, are made up of different pieces. Significant pieces of this heavy vehicle include the cabin, material carriage, chassis, hydraulic system, tires (including front, pair and single tires), springs and vacuum brakes.

Height of Dump Truck

Due to the fact that dump trucks have different types, their height, volume and size are also different from each other. Also, height from the ground or height from the floor to the edge are two criteria for examining this type of vehicle. For instance, the height of a 6-wheeled truck from the ground to the edge is between 1.45 to 1.65 meters. While the height of a 40-foot dump truck can be about 1.7 to 1.8 meters.

Height is one of the most significant criteria for measuring the load capacity of a dump truck. However, the higher the height of the truck is, the materials carriage capacity will be more. This design is based on the power of the truck engine.

Introducing Some Models of Dump Trucks

Some dump trucks are more widely used or better known in other countries of the world. In this section we will introduce some models of dump trucks.

Off-road Trucks

One of the types of dump trucks is called Off-road, which is known as the largest type of dump truck. These types of trucks are used to extract sands or gravel minerals. Since off-road dump trucks are large, they can easily handle heavy loads and are suitable for rough roads. These trucks are not suitable for impassable roads and also known as the best type of dump truck for carrying loads in long distances.

This type of dump truck is capable of carrying loads up to 60 tons.

Transporter Trucks

Transporter trucks refer to those dump trucks that are towed by a separate trailer. The key feature of this type of truck is that the separate trailer has a moving cargo container. This type of configuration allows the truck to have more load capacity without losing engine power.

A separate container is installed on the truck by an electric motor which is rotates simultaneously with the wheels and moves into the dump truck trailer frame. This type of dump truck allows you to add another truck load to the main truck.

Side Dump Trucks

Side dump trucks are one of the best high speed dump trucks for unloading. This type of truck has a high capacity among other dump trucks. Side dumpers have the characteristic of leaning to the other side and dropping materials easily on the ground. Other features of these trucks include overturn safety and since they have limited maneuverability, they are not suitable for long distances.

These types of trucks are often used for short distances. The amount of cargo loaded on side dump trucks is less than standard trucks.

Standard Dump Trucks

Another type of dump truck is called standard dump truck, which is the most common type of dump truck for transporting materials in the construction industry. The chassis of this dump truck is installed by a hydraulic ram and rises between the cabin and the body of the truck. This truck has an atmospheric axle and one or more rear axles. Standard trucks are configured in two forms: 6-wheel and 10-wheel. These dump trucks have high maneuverability but they are not suitable for crossing on soft soils.

Other Models of Dump Trucks

There are other dump trucks that differ in appearance, technical specifications and interior configurations. This type of dump is slightly different from the previous models.

• Truck and Pup: These trucks are used to unload materials and sands. Due to having hydraulic ram, it has the ability to unload independently.
• Super Dump Truck: These types of dump trucks have unique features and you can use them to move a large amount of loads. Super trucks are suitable for paving asphalt and concrete.
• Semi- Trailer End Dump Truck: This type of dump truck has a two-axle trailer and a special hydraulic lift.
• Semi - Trailer Bottom Dump Truck: This type of dump truck is very similar to a semi-trailer truck that has a folding unloading gate at the bottom of the trailer centre. The main advantage of semi - trailer dump trucks is the ability to dump materials in a specific place and even in narrow places that not every truck can handle.
• Double and Triple Trailer Bottom Dump Truck: This type of dump truck consists of a two-axle tractor that pulls a single-axle trailer and one or two complete trailers. The biggest disadvantage of this type of dump truck is the backward movement.

Conclusion

What we have examined about the status of different types of dump trucks and even their height is related to various types of these heavy vehicles. Due to the large number of these types of heavy vehicles, their technical specifications and features are also vary from each other. What we have mentioned in this article is a summary of some characteristics of popular dump trucks.

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